PROBLEM SOLVING?
WHAT IS
is an analytical method to identify potential solutions to a situation. It's a complex process and judgment calls, or decisions, may have to be made on the way. The primary goal is to find the best solution.
Problem-solving involves identifying an issue, finding causes, asking questions and brainstorming solutions. Gathering facts helps make the solution more obvious.
DECISION MAKING?
WHAT IS
is the process of choosing a solution based on your judgment, situation, facts, knowledge or a combination of available data. The goal is to avoid potential difficulties. Identifying opportunity is an important part of the decision-making process.
PSDM MODELS
PROBLEM SOLVING AND DECISION MAKING
UNIVERSAL
BRAINSTORMING
5 WHY'S
DMAIC
KEPNER-TREGOE
DEFINE
the problem
Set the Problem
Write down the
problem
Define
Situation Appraisal
DISCERN
the details of the problem
Determine a set of leading
questions
DETERMINE
the root cause of the problem
Generate ideas
Ask why until you
have identified
the root cause
Measure
Analyze
Problem
Analysis
DEVELOP
alternative solutions or decision & choose
Evaluate ideas
DEPLOY
decision & ensure successful elimination
Implement
Develop and
implement a
solution
Improve
Decision Analysis
Control
Potential Problem
Analysis
THINKING.
is purposeful, organized process that we use to make sense of the world.
is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication as a guide to belief and action.
CRITICAL
THINKING
THE KEPNER-TREGOE MODEL
SITUATION
APPRAISAL
What is going on?
Clarity and priority
PROBLEM
ANALYSIS
Why did it happen?
Find unknown cause
DECISION
ANALYSIS
What should we do?
Make a choice
POTENTIAL
PROBLEM
ANALYSIS
What lies ahead?
Protect action or plan
PAST
PRESENT
FUTURE